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Solving Fermat's Last Theorem
Fermat's Last Theorem was a long-standing mathematical puzzle that remained unsolved for centuries. It was a challenge to find a proof for the theorem, which states that there are no integer solutions to the equation a^n + b^n = c^n for n > 2. This challenge drove mathematical innovation and was finally solved by Andrew Wiles in 1994. The challenge involved number theory and algebraic geometry.
Mathematics & logic, Mathematics, Number Theory